reflection no 6

Second teaching strategy: deductive strategy

Definition: it is a type of strategy in which principle or generalization are presented initially followed by applications or testing of principles. it is basically leading the students from unknown to known, abstract to concrete or complex to simple.

purpose: -

• teacher centered approach where students are taken as blank slates
• it creats dependency in students limiting their thinking abaility
• it is basically used to help students with learning disabilities to enhance their learning

Four phases:

1. presentation of abstraction
2. the teacher illustrates with example
3. students give examples of concept and apply them in new situation
4. student re-state the concept or definition that they have learned.

 Advantages:

• less time consuming
• different from rote learning as it is a strategy where logical inter-linking of the element is encouraged
• most of the school's materials/curriculum can be easily taught through deductive strategy
• this method involves all levels of questions

 Dis-advantages:

• students are not actively involved in the beginning of the lesson
• since it is a teacher-centered approach, it may not be challenging for the brighter students.

Role of the teacher:

• since it is a teacher centered approach most of the work is done by teacher
• provides guidance as scaffolding
• teacher needs to plan properly including all the teaching materials and lessons.  

                

Reflection no.5

Inductive Teaching Strategy:

1.concept: it is a type of strategy where students are made to self discover and move from the stage of known to unknown or from the concrete ideas to abstract. 

2.purpose: 

• motivation of students for cooperative and competitive achivement
• enhance class partipation
• independence discovery
• learning by doing
• more of student centered learning

3.procedural steps  

1. open ended phase:teacher gives example and non example of concept and let student to observe and describe
2. convergent phase:ask student to find the pattern
3. closure: student makes the definition of the concept and teacher helps them
4. application phase:student make use of the concept as and when it is required.

4.role of teacher

• provide guidance(  scaffolding)
• prompting and encouraging
• teacher cooperates and fosters cooperation in students
• less role of teacher
• design activity(independent thinking)
• generalization(lecture with demonstration)

5.merits and De-merits

1. merits:

• involves observation and inference
• make children think
• reflect on experiences
• in-cooperates all questioning techniques, prompting and probing 
• discourage wild guessing
• independent livelong learner

2 De-merits

• time consuming
• minimum content coverage
• needs verification, and some verification is done in deductive
• frustrating to different level of students
• all types of topic can't taught inductively

Q:How does inductive teaching enhance long term memory in learners?

A:since inductive teaching method is a method where the students need to learn by doing and self discover, it helps students to retain for longer period of time as it is believed that what we do our self we remember for long and understand better. hence learner's long term memory is enhanced.

Q:What is scaffolding in teaching and learning?

A:it is a guiding process where by teacher breaks down the complected questions into small ones and put to students so that students at last reach in finding the answer of the question by themselves.

Reflection no.4

Three main characteristics of an effective teacher are: 

1.  has good classroom management skills
2. teaches for mastery
3. has positive expectations for students success.

reflection no.3

Differences between teaching strategy, teaching method and teaching skill:

1. teaching strategy: a plan for a pattern of action aimed at one or more students achieving and demonstrating mastery of a specific goal or objectives. OR its an instructional strategy in which there is a particular arrangement of the teacher, the learner, and the environment to produce desired learning outcomes.                                                                                                                                              example:doing lesson plan considering the students and the topic to teach.
2. teaching method: are the means through which teacher organizes and guides the learning experiences. OR it is defined as a teaching tactics or teaching style, in which a teacher selects, coordinates and applies teaching skills, techniques and processes.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  example:using the prepared lesson plan and teaching in classroom step by step.
3. teaching skill: techniques or procedures to carry out methods to obtain desired learning outcomes. OR its the ability of a teacher which determines how well the teacher can teach his/her student.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   example: how the teacher explains a paragraph to the students.

reflection no.2

1. i learnt the definition of following words:strategy- plan of action, method- way to do something, approach-how you do the thing, skill-ability to do an activity, technique-way of doing activity which needs skill.

reflection no.1

During the session on date 8th mar,2012, i could learn the correct position for the meditation and also i knew that through meditation we could be able to be mindful in whatever we do so that at last we can achieve the goal of gross national happiness.